To err is human, to umpire fraught with challenges

“‘Razor’, you need to have a word with your father-in-law!” – Carl Rackemann to Ray Price about umpire Kevan Barbour.

Telford Vice / Cape Town

YOU’RE a bowler and the captain tosses you the ball. One of the standing umpires is your relative. To mark out a run-up at their end is a no-brainer, surely. Not if you’re Ray Price, the former Zimbabwe left-arm spinner.

“It was the opposite,” Price said when asked whether he made sure he bowled from the end where he had familial connections. “I mean, you want to try and stay away from your father-in-law as much as you can.”

Price played 140 international matches from December 1999 to March 2013. In two of his Tests and 16 of his ODIs one of the umpires was Kevan Barbour, the father of Julie Barbour, who married Price on July 13, 2002.

“He was quite a mingy bugger when it came to giving lbws,” Price said, and related an interaction with Carl Rackemann, then Zimbabwe’s coach, during one of Barbour’s Tests, against South Africa at Queens in Bulawayo in September 2001. “‘Rackers’ pulled me aside and said, ‘Razor’, you need to have a word with your father-in-law!’”

Price’s off-field challenges went beyond his relationship with umpire Barbour. Julie, Kevan’s daughter, Ray’s wife, was a scorer. “That also didn’t help,” Price said. “She was astute and could see things from a different perspective. Either I wasn’t bowling well or I was doing something dumb, like cussing Brian Lara.”

Price did indeed give one of the premier batters the game has seen a tongue lashing in a Test in Bulawayo in November 2003, 15 months after his wedding to the woman who sat upstairs dotting and dashing her way through the match. Lara scored 191 off 203 balls. “I went for 199 in that innings and I think Lara hit me for about 180 of them,” Price said. “Cussing him wasn’t my wisest move.” Rudi Koertzen and Simon Taufel were the umpires. Had Barbour been there to have a stern chat his daughter’s husband might have been spared a pasting.

“We’ve had quite a few laughs about it,” Price said of time on the field with his now retired umpire-in-law. “He’s adamant that he wasn’t stingy and I’m adamant that he was. It never really affected us. He was always very professional. He’s a staunch guy; fairly trustworthy.”

Barbour was a house master at Peterhouse, one of Zimbabwe’s most prestigious schools, and a postmaster. Fairness and propriety come standard in those vocations, as they do in umpiring.

Price’s warm feelings towards umpires went beyond Barbour: “When I started you had two home umpires. That was tough in Pakistan or India. The pressure was on them, and they had to go home to a life outside the game. I’m glad I didn’t have that pressure.” 

But umpires remain, after everything, human and thus susceptible to making errors. Not that they make many. “Umpiring has improved so much,” Price said. “It’s amazing how many soft calls they get right.”

Even so, DRS means some of the umpires’ mistakes are corrected before they influence the events of a match. What hasn’t changed is what players want from umpires: consistency. They won’t have that in a significant way in the upcoming men’s World Cup qualifiers in Zimbabwe.

DRS will only be used from the Super Six stage onwards. Replays will help the third umpire adjudicate on runouts throughout, but other than that the humans will be on their own in the 20 matches that comprise the first round from June 18 to 27. Effectively the tournament will be played under two different sets of playing conditions. Price didn’t see that as a problem: “It’s the same for both teams. It’s like having a short boundary on one side of the ground.” But that won’t hold if an umpiring error that might have been fixed costs a team their place in the Super Six.

In the previous edition of same tournament in Zimbabwe in 2018, when DRS wasn’t used and the third umpire had help on runouts only in the 10 matches that were broadcast out of the 34 played, Scotland would have sealed a spot in the 2019 World Cup had they won either of their last two Super Six games. Against Ireland in Harare, Bradley Wheal had Andy Balbirnie lbw bang to rights in the third over. Balbirnie had scored a single. He batted on until the 45th and made 105, the key to the Irish’s 271/9 — good enough for them to win by 25 runs. Three days later, in a rain-affected match also in Harare, Scotland needed 26 off 23. Richie Berrington and George Munsey had shared 38 off 58 in their fifth-wicket stand when Berrington was given out lbw to a delivery from Ashley Nurse that seemed to be sliding down leg. West Indies won by five runs.

At the heart of the DRS disparity is money, with the system costing between USD15,000 and USD12,000 per day. Some broadcasters pay that bill in full, others reclaim it or part of it from the host board. The idea that the ICC or national boards should pay for what they write into their rules about how the game is to be played under their auspices hasn’t caught on, perhaps because broadcasters use elements of DRS to enhance their analysis on air. As long as they pay they keep the toys.

That DRS has changed big cricket irrevocably is unarguable. Or is it? There are many rabbitholes to go down in the course of exploring the question, and it doesn’t help reach a definitive answer that the allowable margin of uncertainty and the number of referrals available have changed. Neither that the system isn’t used in all internationals. 

So, as this isn’t a deep dive into what DRS has done to cricket, let’s keep it simple and look at what it has done to lbws. No longer can batters plonk their front foot down the pitch to pad away deliveries, secure in the assumption that they have created enough doubt in the mind of the umpire that the ball would have hit the stumps. The gizmo will reveal all. Has DRS led to a significant increase in successful lbw appeals?

In the 10 years before the system was officially adopted in Tests in November 2009, 463 batters were trapped in front in the 430 matches played by men in the format. In the 10 years after DRS was adopted 436 were given out lbw — with and without electronic help — in 440 Tests. That’s an average of 1.08 lbws per Test without DRS and 0.99 with it in place.

In the 582 men’s ODIs played in the 10 years before DRS made its white-ball debut in January 2011, 1,409 players were out lbw. Or 2.42 a match. In the 586 ODIs played in the next 10 years, 1,188 were dismissed in this way. That’s 2.03 a match.

DRS hasn’t been around for 10 years in T20Is. For five years before it came aboard in October 2017, 334 were out leg-before in the 201 T20Is played. That’s 1.66 on average a game. Five years later 1,186 had suffered the same fate in 753 matches: 1.56 a game.

All told across the formats, and in accordance with the above parameters, 2,206 batters were dismissed lbw in 1,213 matches before DRS, and 2,810 in 1,779 afterwards. That’s a before rate of 1.82 per game and an after figure of 1.58. The number of batters trapped in front fell in the 10 years after the advent of DRS. But not by much: the overall difference was 0.24.

That and the fact that DRS wasn’t available at all of those matches would seem to support the argument that the system hasn’t had a significant impact on lbws. There is evidence that spinners have benefitted — 3.86% more of their wickets have been leg-before since DRS — but also that fast bowlers have been less successful, by 2.98%, at trapping people in front. 

Maybe that’s because, mostly, umpires know what they’re doing — 72.8% of all on-field decisions, for lbw and everything else, sent upstairs come back down as they were. They have withstood forensic scrutiny and not been overturned, a clear vote of confidence in the eyes, ears, composure, skills and instincts of the people who made those calls in the first place on the basis of what they saw and heard once in real time.

“You want to make the decision on the field but people make mistakes,” Barry Lambson, who stood in five Tests and 35 ODIs and was the television official in four Tests and 23 ODIs, all of them before the DRS era, said. “I think it’s made the third umpire more important than the umpires on the field in a lot of instances.”

Electronic umpiring itself has changed vastly since Lambson’s day. He remembers serving as the third umpire in a Test against Australia at Newlands in March 1994, and having to stare at “this little box thing” to adjudicate a runout appeal after the wicket had been broken with Kepler Wessels dashing for the crease. “The match referee [Donald Carr] was standing in front of me keeping the sun out so I could see the screen. I gave him out using the replay from the camera behind the bowler. The bat was just before the line.”

Lambson has moved on to match refereeing, his role in 284 first-class, list A and T20 domestic games so far. Has he had to involve himself when he sees a decision going awry? “We’ve had very few incidents like that in South Africa, where we’ve said to the TV umpire that maybe they should look for another angle. We can step in, but the TV umpire can’t ask you, as the match referee, what you think.”

Price has reason to wish that could happen, and on no less an occasion than the match that delivered Matthew Hayden’s then world record 380, at the Waca in October 2003. “He was out on zero,” Price said. “Andy Blignaut was bowling from the Members End, and … dead. Absolutely dead. Lbw.”

So Price feels cricket is a better game because of DRS? “It’s always hard to compare across eras, but it came in towards the latter stages of my career and it made a huge difference for us.” What did it do for his own bowling? “I’d be lying if I said it changed anything I did. But it made batsmen more worried about being hit on the pad.”

Price hasn’t played any cricket of consequence since his last Test, in Barbados in March 2013. “I spend most of my time fishing these days. It’s fantastic. I’ve got no DRS or umpires to worry about. And no crowds. When you travel round the world playing cricket you get it in the neck from the sidelines, especially away from home.”

Not that life is always peaceful with rod and line in hand, like the time Price and Heath Streak went fishing on the Zambezi, the mighty river that separates Zimbabwe from Zambia …

“I hooked a giant tigerfish and was busy fighting it; it was jumping all over the place. After about 10 minutes the fish jumps and gets off the hook. Heath and I were despondent because it was a decent size.

“From this little village on the Zambian side, all I heard was, ‘You’re useless!’ I said to Heath we’ve been all round the world and been given a hard time from the stands, and here we are in the middle of the Zambezi where there’s maybe 50 people in a 100-kilometre radius, and this oke is also giving it to me from the side. We just can’t get away from it.”

Just like DRS, which doesn’t care if you’re the fish, the hook, the angler, or if the umpire is your relative and the captain tosses you the ball.

Cricbuzz

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Roughie van der Dismissal

“We don’t comment on match officials’ decisions, and the match referee is not allowed to comment.” – the ICC.

Telford Vice | The Wanderers

CLEARLY, this is no longer MS Dhoni’s India team. In this match, it also isn’t Virat Kohli’s team. But it is still India, the world’s best team. Did they rise to the wider responsibility that comes with that deserved title when Rassie van der Dussen was given out at the Wanderers on Tuesday?

Van der Dussen was adjudged caught behind off Shardul Thakur with what became the last delivery before lunch. Certainly, Van der Dussen had hit the ball, Certainly, it had looped off his thigh pad towards Rishabh Pant. Certainly, Pant had claimed the catch. Certainly, Allahudien Paleker — who is enjoying a mostly solid Test debut — had raised his finger.

Less certain was whether Pant had taken the catch cleanly. After Van der Dussen had trudged off disappointed, looking exactly like someone who had spent 17 balls on a lonely single, replays suggested, strongly, that the ball had bounced in front of him.

Eighteen deliveries earlier, Van der Dussen had reviewed — also after allegedly edging to the wicketkeeper, this time off Mohammed Shami, and this time by Marais Erasmus. DRS showed that the ball had hit the flap of the pad and nothing else on its way to Pant. End of argument. Except that, as the footage rolled on, it was obvious the ball had hit the ground well before reaching Pant’s gloves.

Thus what happened in the seventh over of India’s second innings, when Aiden Markram’s low grab at second slip to remove KL Rahul was declared fair, will be seen as payback. Rahul’s alarmed reaction as he departed the scene hinted that some of the South Africans had taken the opportunity to tell him exactly that. The more mature view would be that two wrongs don’t make a right.

During lunch Dean Elgar and South Africa’s team manager, Volvo Masubelele, paid the officials a visit. What was discussed there is not known, but a theory that it had been decided the evidence was not conclusive enough to overturn the on-field decision — which was not reviewed, ostensibly because Van der Dussen knew he had hit the ball — took flight. It is to be hoped that is not true, because the evidence is damning.

Also certain is that the umpires could have recalled Van der Dussen without having to consult Rahul or anyone else, as per section 2.12 of what cricket calls its laws: “An umpire may alter any decision provided that such alteration is made promptly. This apart, an umpire’s decision, once made, is final.” Weasel words like “promptly” could be taken to mean 10 seconds, 10 days, or 10 years. They should be rooted out of all language that carries consequence.

Asked for his view, Barry Lambson, who stood in nine Tests and 58 ODIs in the 1990s and has since served as a match referee, told Cricbuzz: “In a case like that, the square leg umpire normally is in the best position to judge if the ball carried or not. The bowler’s end umpire often can’t see if the ball goes into the wicketkeeper’s gloves, and if he does he has no depth perception. If he has a doubt or his attention is brought by the other umpire, they will consult. The batsman often will bring it to the umpires’ attention that he thinks the ball has not carried.”

Erasmus and Paleker did not seem to consult as Van der Dussen was leaving. Neither Van der Dussen nor his partner, Temba Bavuma, appeared to think anything was amiss. Why the umpires did not show more care about the correctness, or lack thereof, of the decision remains a valid question in light of what Pant had done 18 balls earlier — which they would have seen for themselves on the big screen. For the same reason, the batters should have shown the presence of mind to question the call.

Indeed, when Thakur had Bavuma caught behind down leg in the sixth over before tea, the departing batter was halted while the umpires made sure the tumbling Pant had completed the catch properly. He had, but if that dismissal demanded closer inspection why had Van der Dussen’s not?

Asked for clarification, an ICC spokesperson said: “We don’t comment on match officials’ decisions.” Asked if the match referee, Andy Pycroft, could be prevailed upon to explain, the spokesperson said: “He is not allowed to comment.”

So here we are, wondering how we got here. What has happened to the philosophy that, famously, saw Dhoni call back Ian Bell at Trent Bridge in 2011 after the Englishman had been run out in the wake of dallying outside of his ground because he had thought, mistakingly, that the ball had touched the boundary and was therefore dead? Dhoni took that decision during the tea interval: 20 minutes is, for some people, prompt.

Would Kohli, who was ruled out of this match by a back spasm, have done the same? And would it matter whether he, or Rahul, or anyone else, had? It’s not as if Van der Dussen, who has scored 15 runs in three innings in this series, was on course to take the game away from India.

In terms of the match, then, what happened to Van der Dussen doesn’t matter much. But, if you’re the best cricket team in the world, which India undoubtedly are, you should be better than that.

First published by Cricbuzz.

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Umpires safe at home

“I don’t watch a lot of cricket anymore because the umpires piss me off. They don’t have the balls to make decisions.” – Rudi Koertzen

Telford Vice | Cape Town

RUDI Koertzen seemed to take longer to raise his finger than some of the batters he eventually pointed at had been at the crease, and he said this week nothing had changed now that he limits his appearances to club and schools games: “I won’t say it’s slower, but it’s still slow.” Happily, he’s quicker on the draw about the Covid-19 reality of Tests staffed solely by home umpires.

“If you do your job properly there shouldn’t be a difference,” Koertzen told Cricbuzz. “I never had a problem umpiring in games involving South Africa. When I go out there I’m neutral. I just see a batsman at the other end of the pitch and a bowler running past me. For me, it has never made a difference. The only place you could get intimidated by the home crowd was when you went to the MCG; bay 13, where they were drunk by lunchtime. They gave you trouble, but it never bothered me.”

Koertzen stood in 108 Tests between December 1992 and July 2010. Thirteen were in South Africa, the last of them in March 2002 — the year the ICC started exclusively appointing foreigners as on-field umpires in Tests after 10 years of settling for one from elsewhere.  

The credit for ending allegations of national bias by Test umpires belongs to Imran Khan. He grew tired enough of hearing that Pakistani umpires favoured his team to invite VK Ramaswamy and Piloo Reporter — Indians, no less — to officiate in two matches of a home series against West Indies in November 1986.

It’s a shame that it should have come to that. “Neutral umpire” is an ugly, accusatory oxymoron because umpires are — or should be — neutral by definition. The clue is in the word itself. Centuries before anyone yelled an appeal on a cricket ground, umpires in other spheres of British society were called noumper, the Middle English version of a medieval French word, nonper, which came from a Latin term: par, or equal. Thus umpires were “without equal”, as in incomparable or peerless.

Shall I compare thee to that feckless fellow behind the stumps on this fine summer’s day? No, because thou art not his peer. Thou art better than that scoundrel claiming edges where there are nought, and alleging lbw even as he veers a metre and more onto the leg side to follow the line of the orb. Thou art an umpire, my good man (and they were all men), and consequently above all that stuff and nonsense.

Alas, the modern game disagrees. “I remember Bob Woolmer, when he was South Africa’s coach [from 1994 to 1999], saying to me, ‘You guys must help us.’,” Koertzen said. “Every time we go to Australia and other countries we get nailed by the home umpires. But we come back to South Africa and you guys nail us.’ I said, ‘We’re not nailing you. We’re just making the decisions as we see them.’ If I was biased there’s no way I would have done the job.

“Like Simon Taufel, I always maintain that the best umpires should stand in the Test matches, immaterial of where they come from. If South Africa are playing against Australia and Rudi Koertzen and Simon Taufel are the two best umpires, they should stand in the matches.”

In November last year, Taufel, an Australian umpire the ICC adjudged to be the best in the game from 2004 to 2008, said: “When we have neutral umpires and we don’t care they come from and they make a mistake, we are not talking about where they are coming from. So the game comes first. It is not about whether the umpire is neutral or not. It is about whether he is doing a good job or not. It should be merit-based.”

This debate has disappeared. In the nine matches played since Test cricket has crept cautiously back from the global lockdown induced by the pandemic, all umpires have been from the countries in which the matches have been played. The same will be true at Centurion on Saturday, when for the first time in 50 years in a Test in this country all the appointed umpires will be South African.

The two of them on the field for the first Test between South Africa and Sri Lanka will be Marais Erasmus, a stalwart of 62 Tests, 92 ODIs and 26 T20Is, and Adrian Holdstock, who has appeared in 23 ODIs and 30 T20Is. “It’s been 14 years in the making with lots of sacrifices and commitments along the way, so I’m just very proud and stoked that the moment has finally come,” a CSA release on Wednesday quoted Holdstock as saying about his Test debut.

In the 1990s, fast bowler Erasmus captained Boland and Holdstock was a useful allrounder in the same side. When Holdstock made his international umpiring debut, in a T20I between South Africa and Australia in October 2011, his partner was Erasmus. And it’s not as if they haven’t had to make decisions about their compatriots in the past: 16 of Erasmus’ 118 white-ball games as an umpire have featured South Africa and only 21 of Holdstock’s 63 have not.

But Test cricket is as stern an examination of umpires — and indeed scorers and reporters, even spectators — as it is of players. It demands hours of intense, draining focus and doesn’t tolerate errors, and you have to come back and do it again tomorrow and for up to three more consecutive days. That, for Holdstock at least, will be new.

Both umpires will have to get used to the echoes of an empty ground, although having come through the ranks of South African domestic cricket — where there are often more players on the field than people in the stands — should help calm nerves.

Would they need calming? Barry Lambson stood in five Tests and 35 ODIs from November 1992 to October 2001 and is now a CSA match referee. All but seven of his games were in South Africa. “It is a bit different standing at home,” Lambson told Cricbuzz. “There’s more expectation on you, a bit like when you’re a player. But there’s no crowd, so [Erasmus and Holdstock] will be fine.”

The release quoted Erasmus as saying: “We must treat this just as another normal game. We must put aside the fact South Africa is involved. That shouldn’t be an issue. This is just another Test match and to stand in any Test match is a real privilege.”

Lambson and Karl Liebenberg were the last two South African on-field umpires appointed to stand in the same Test in South Africa, the final match of the series against India at Newlands in January 1993. But they rotated with England’s David Shepherd, and so Lambson and Liebenberg stood together on only one of the five days. The last time a South African umpire was on the field in a Test in South Africa was at Kingsmead on December 27, 2006, when another Englishman, Mark Benson, took ill and was temporarily replaced by Ian Howell, who had started the match as a television umpire.

Those were the days, Koertzen might say. And he isn’t scared to explain why he thinks so: “I don’t watch a lot of cricket anymore because the umpires piss me off. They don’t have the balls to make decisions. I’m 72. I still run to get into position to make a [run out] decision. The guys these days stand behind the stumps, and then they go upstairs.

“The umpire’s job is made so much easier by the illumination of the stumps. You can’t tell me that you can’t see when the ball hits the stumps and the bails come off. There shouldn’t be pressure on the umpires. Why don’t they take the guys off the field and let the third umpire do all the work? Give him all the money — three umpires’ match fees.”

Koertzen wouldn’t be surprised to learn his view on umpiring today isn’t shared by people now in the higher levels of the game. Here, for instance, is Mickey Arthur, himself a South African and now Sri Lanka’s coach, during an online press conference on Monday: “I know the umpires in this [South Africa-Sri Lanka] series particularly well, and they’re very good umpires. Umpires, just like players, are judged on performance all the time, and I’m comfortable that both umpires in this Test match are very good.”

As for the possibility of hometown decisions skewing the contest: “I certainly don’t think any umpire around the world, whether he’s South African, Australian or whatever, is going to umpire in any way that favours the home team. I think that they’re going to go out and do the best job that they possibly can. I’ve got no issue with local umpires at all.”

Clearly, Aiden Markram hasn’t had to give the issue much thought. “Maybe the bigger challenge is playing in front of an empty stadium,” he told an online press conference on Wednesday. “In terms of what I’ve experienced, the umpires have been really good in that there hasn’t been any bias. Naturally there’s the review system for [electronic] decision-making, so that can’t be affected.

“It is something new and different because of the times that we’re going through, but I don’t think it will affect the way things are on the field too much if we have two local umpires or if they’re guys from abroad. It’s going to be up to us to create that intensity and simulate what it would be like if times were normal.”

Koertzen stepped over the boundary as an international umpire for the first time, in an ODI between South Africa and India at St George’s Park in December 1992, almost two years before Markram was born. Much has changed about cricket, and therefore umpiring, in the ensuing 28 years. But not this: Koertzen’s finger of fate still takes a long time to do its duty.

First published by Cricbuzz.

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